Mean (SD)JR-VR Effect sizeControl Effect size
0mchange 9m0m9m
RAWIS16.2 (5)−3.9 (5.3)−0.7415 (5.7)−1 (3.5)−0.19
WLQPL10.9 (4.9)−3.2 (3.7)−0.6211.2 (5.6)−0.4 (4.3)−0.08
WALS12.8 (5.3)−2.2 (4.5)−0.3912.7 (6.2)0.6 (6.0)0.11
SF12v2PC32.5 (8.3)5.3 (11.11)0.5832.6 (10.1)2.5 (8.3)0.27
Pain50.4 (22.6)−12 (27)−0.5045.7 (25.7)0.1 (21.8)0
Fatigue60 (22.4)−5.3 (22.9)−0.2058.7 (30.1)5.4 (26.4)0.21
Health50.9 (18.4)−14.6 (28.8)−0.7148.7 (23.1)−3.9 (15.8)−0.19