Baseline characteristics by smoking status of the 159 men followed up longitudinally
| Baseline characteristics | Current smokers | |
|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 19) | No (n = 140) | |
| BMI, Body Mass Index; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; WORMS, Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score. | ||
| Values are mean (SD) unless specified. | ||
| *Statistically different, at p<0.05, between men who were and were not current smokers. | ||
| †Equivalent to original WORMS cartilage morphology score (0–6 scale) of ⩾2. | ||
| ‡Results limited to 81% of 159 men (current smokers, n = 17; and not current smokers, n = 112) who had measures of knee alignment. Values >0 correspond to varus alignment and <0 correspond to valgus alignment. | ||
| Age, years | 62 (9)* | 69 (9) (p = 0.0026) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.9 (3.2)* | 31.3 (4.8) (p = 0.0089) |
| Knees with Kellgren and Lawrence Grade ⩾2, % | 68 | 70 |
| Knees with cartilage morphology scores ⩾1 in any region within a compartment or joint†, % | ||
| Tibiofemoral joint | ||
| Medial compartment | 77 | 86 |
| Lateral compartment | 29* | 63 (p = 0.0083) |
| Patellofemoral joint | 94 | 89 |
| VAS pain score (mean, SD), 0–100 mm | 61.1 (26.3)* | 43.4 (25.5) (p = 0.0065) |
| Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly Score (mean, SD) | 106.6 (82.2) | 138.2 (92.8) |
| Knee alignment, degrees (mean, SD)‡ | 5.2 (7.6) | 4.9 (5.5) |