Fasting concentrations of glucose, hormones, and interleukins in plasma in all patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the AS1 and AS2 subgroups, and in healthy controls, at approximately 08.30 hours after an overnight fast
| AS | AS1 | AS2 | Controls | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are mean (SEM). | ||||
| *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. | ||||
| †Change in cortisol between baseline and 60 minutes. | ||||
| ACTH, adrenocorticotrophic hormone; AS, ankylosing spondylitis; AS1, subgroup with normal insulin resistance; AS2, subgroup with increased insulin resistance; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model insulin resistance index; IL-6, interleukin 6; TNFα, tumour necrosis factor α; 17-OHP, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. | ||||
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 5.27 (0.18) | 4.97 (0.09) | 5.83 (0.428)* | 5.02 (0.11) |
| Insulin (μIU/ml) | 14.03 (3.59) | 4.79 (0.52) | 30.9 (5.22)*** | 7.54 (1.66) |
| HOMA-IR | 3.52 (0.97) | 1.07 (0.12) | 8.01 (1.51)*** | 1.72 (1.32)* |
| Cortisol (nmol/l) | 382 (47) | 371 (63) | 403 (73) | 511 (37) |
| Δ Cortisol 60–0† | – | 346.5 (60.7) | – | 207 (79.8) |
| ACTH (pg/ml) | 13.9 (1.9) | 14.3 (8.6) | 13.1 (2.3) | 14.1 (1.8) |
| 17-OHP (ng/ml) | 1.04 (0.21) | 0.85 (0.12) | 1.37 (0.57) | 1.23 (0.22) |
| DHEAS (μmol/l) | 5.05 (0.70) | 5.07 (0.60) | 5.01 (1.80) | 5.06 (0.60) |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 16.6 (2.8)*** | 19.1 (2.2)*** | 12.1 (3.5)*** | 1.41 (0.66) |
| TNFα (pg/ml) | 8.5 (1.74)** | 10.2 (2.6)** | 5.42 (0.51) | 4.08 (0.42) |