Questionnaire | Treatment | Control | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 6 Months after | Difference | Baseline | 6 Months after | Difference | Difference between groups | ||||||||
Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | p | |
*p<0.05; † Higher scores indicate more positive responses. | ||||||||||||||
PGWB† | ||||||||||||||
Total score (0–110) | 45.9 | (17.6) | 51.1 | (19.4) | −5.2* | (14.1) | 44.0 | (19.3) | 43.8 | (20.9) | 0.2 | (11.6) | −5.4 | 0.032 |
Anxiety | 11.4 | (5.3) | 13.0 | (6.2) | −1.6* | (5.1) | 10.8 | (5.4) | 10.3 | (5.6) | 0.5 | (4.2) | −2.1 | 0.011 |
Depression | 8.3 | (3.4) | 9.0 | (3.6) | −0.7 | (3.1) | 7.6 | (4.0) | 7.7 | (4.2) | −0.1 | (3.0) | −0.6 | 0.126 |
General health | 5.3 | (1.9) | 5.8 | (2.1) | −0.5 | (2.2) | 5.0 | (2.3) | 5.4 | (2.3) | −0.4 | (1.6) | −0.1 | 0.849 |
Positive wellbeing | 8.0 | (4.1) | 8.9 | (4.3) | −0.9 | (3.0) | 7.5 | (4.0) | 7.5 | (4.6) | 0.0 | (2.9) | −0.9 | 0.129 |
Self control | 6.9 | (3.4) | 7.4 | (3.3) | −0.5 | (2.9) | 6.4 | (3.4) | 6.4 | (3.3) | 0.0 | (2.6) | −0.5 | 0.298 |
Vitality | 6.0 | (3.7) | 6.9 | (3.3) | −0.9* | (2.4) | 6.7 | (3.4) | 6.5 | (3.7) | 0.2 | (2.4) | −1.1 | 0.013 |
SF-36† | ||||||||||||||
Physical functioning | 41.8 | (18.1) | 42.2 | (19.8) | −0.4 | (15.8) | 46.8 | (19.4) | 43.9 | (19.6) | 2.9 | (17.0) | −3.3 | 0.293 |
Role-physical | 14.6 | (27.3) | 21.5 | (29.0) | −6.9 | (36.5) | 13.6 | (27.5) | 16.5 | (30.1) | −2.9 | (25.7) | −3.9 | 0.093 |
General health | 32.6 | (16.5) | 34.3 | (17.3) | −1.7 | (11.0) | 29.8 | (18.5) | 28.8 | (18.9) | 1.0 | (13.3) | −2.7 | 0.241 |
Social functioning | 35.3 | (21.6) | 41.2 | (21.6) | −5.9 | (22.4) | 32.5 | (20.3) | 34.2 | (21.0) | −1.7 | (19.1) | −4.2 | 0.238 |