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Differential production of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 in response to Th1- and Th2-stimulating pathogens by γδ T cells in vivo

Abstract

EXPOSURE to various pathogens can stimulate at least two patterns of cytokine production by CD4-positive T cells1–4. Responses that result in secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), lymphotoxin and interleukin-2 (IL-2) are classified as T-helper-1 (Th1)5,6; CD4+ T-cell production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10 and IL-13 is called a T-helper-2 response (Th2)5,6. Differentiation of CD4+ T cells into either Th1 or Th2 cells is influenced by the cytokine milieu in which the initial antigen priming occurs7–9. Here we use flow cytometry to identify the presence of intracellular cytokines (cytoflow) and analyse T-cell production of IFN-γ and IL-4 from mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes or Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. We show that T cells bearing γδ receptors discriminate early in infection between these two pathogens by producing cytokines associated with the appropriate T-helper response. Our results demonstrate that γδ T cells are involved in establishing primary immune responses.

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Ferrick, D., Schrenzel, M., Mulvania, T. et al. Differential production of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 in response to Th1- and Th2-stimulating pathogens by γδ T cells in vivo. Nature 373, 255–257 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/373255a0

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