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Diagnostics and imaging procedures
FRI0525 Elastographic Ultrasound of Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) Synovium in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
  1. A.M. Sammel1,2,
  2. M.C. Spies1,2,
  3. R. DeCarle3,
  4. M. Rayment3,
  5. F. Joshua1,2,4,5
  1. 1Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales
  2. 2Rheumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick
  3. 3St George Private Radiology
  4. 4Combined Rheumatology Practice, Kogarah
  5. 5Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia

Abstract

Background Shear wave elastographic ultrasound (SW-EUS) assesses the stiffness of human tissues. It is used in liver, thyroid and breast imaging but has never before been studied in synovium. Soft tissues have a slower shear wave velocity (SWV) than stiff tissues. We hypothesised that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients would have softer synovium and thus slower SWV than controls.

Objectives The aim of the project was to establish a reproducible scoring system for synovial SW-EUS and use it to compare RA patients with controls. We also set out to assess if SWV varied with disease activity.

Methods A cross sectional study was conducted including nine RA patients and five age and sex matched controls. RA patients were recruited consecutively from a single rheumatology practice. Participants underwent a questionnaire, clinical examination, blood sampling, grey scale ultrasound (GSUS), power doppler ultrasound and SW-EUS ultrasound examination of MCP joints 2 - 5 on the dominant hand. Ultrasound was performed and scored by two blinded musculoskeletal trained sonographers.

Results The average age of participants was 60. The mean RA disease activity score (DAS28-ESR) was in the low to moderate range of 3.65 (range 2.4–7.4). Patients with RA had significantly lower maximum SWV than controls (6.38 m/s vs 6.99 m/s p=0.042). Negative Pearson's correlation coefficients (PCC) were observed between maximum SWV and a range of disease activity markers including GSUS graded synovial thickness (PCC = -0.57, p=0.03) and ESR (PCC = -0.46, p=0.095). SW-EUS had good intra- and inter-observer reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.66 and 0.58 for maximum SWV and >0.80 for colour scale rated average and minimum SWV.

Figure

Conclusions This is the first reported study of SW-EUS in synovial tissue. Maximum SWV was significantly lower in the synovium of RA patients compared with controls. There was a negative correlation between maximum SWV and GSUS graded synovial thickening suggesting that SWV may be lower in more active patients. SW-EUS may have a role in the diagnosis and assessment of disease activity in RA.

Disclosure of Interest None declared

https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1331

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