Article Text
Abstract
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (PD) are two chronic inflammatory affections that share many similarities. Many studies report the increased frequency of periodontitis during rheumatoid arthritis. The porphyromonas gingivalis, periodontopathogenic bacterium plays a main role through peptidylarginine-deiminase an enzyme capable of citrullinating endogenous proteins and generates an autoimmune reaction.
Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of periodontitis during rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with RA severity, treatment and patient characteristics.
Methods This is a multicentre,cross-sectional, prospective study. Were included adults RA. We identified sociodemographic factors, the periodontal disease status and anaerobic germs, clinical activity of RA with the Disease activity score (DAS 28-VS), the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), extraarticular manifestations, Sharp Score and periodontal anaerobic bacteria. Were determined correlations between PD and patient characteristics, treatment and RA severity.
Results a total of 204 RA were included. The mean age of the patients was 50.338±12.428 years. Sex-ratio: 0.13. The mean duration disease was 10.259±8.232 years. 43% of patients had extaarticular manifestations: 43%. The DAS vs-28 =4.615±1.440. HAQ =1.140±0.821.0. The ACPA rate was 229.855±241.902. Sharp mean: 112.995±93.965. 65.7% patients were treated by methotrexate. 32.8% by biological. 77, 4% patients were under corticoids. The periodontitis frequency was 37.3% (51.1% related to the porphyromonas gingivalis (PG). The tooth loss frequency was 31, 4%.the comparison of the subjects with periodontitis and patients without it showed no significant differences. the comparison of the patients with severe periodontitis and those without showed: age p=0.0004, menopause p=0.002, DAS p 0.47, Sharp p=0.06, HAQ p=0.95.
Conclusions These results suggest a high prevalence of periodontitis during RA, PG is often responsible. The tooth loss frequency is also high. There is no correlation between periodontitis and RA severity and no relationship between PD and RA treatment. On the other hand periodontitis severity is related to the age and the menopause.
Disclosure of Interest None declared