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Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).1 As previously described, LN occurs more frequently in Hispanic and African-American people in the multiethnic US LUMINA (Lupus in Minorities: Nature vs Nurture) cohort.2 With more patients (one-third) and years of observation (2949.3 patient-years from enrolment or baseline), we have now examined whether LN occurs earlier in the disease course in these patients relative to Caucasians. Four hundred and forty-nine patients (American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, age ≥16 years, disease duration ≤5 years, predominantly women) were studied. Time-to-LN (ACR criterion (persistent proteinuria >0.5 g/day or ≥3 if quantitation not performed or cellular casts)) from baseline (incident cases) was examined by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression adjusting for pertinent …
Footnotes
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Funding Supported by grants from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease P01 AR49084, General Clinical Research Centers M01-RR02558 (UTH) and M01-RR00032 (UAB) and from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR/HIH) RCMI Clinical Research Infrastructure Initiative (RCRII) 1P20RR11126 (UPR). The work of PIB was also supported by Programa de Postgrado Becas Chile.
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Competing interests None.
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Ethics approval The Institutional Review Board of the study centres approved the study. Written informed consent was obtained from each subject according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
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Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.