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  • Clinical, radiographic and functional differences between juvenile-onset and adult–onset ankylosing spondylitis: results from the PSOAS cohort

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Clinical, radiographic and functional differences between juvenile-onset and adult–onset ankylosing spondylitis: results from the PSOAS cohort
  1. L S Gensler1,
  2. M M Ward2,
  3. J D Reveille3,
  4. T J Learch4,
  5. M H Weisman5,
  6. J C Davis Jr1
  1. 1
    University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
  2. 2
    National Institute of Health, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
  3. 3
    University of Texas Houston, Texas, USA
  4. 4
    University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
  5. 5
    Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
  1. J C Davis, Jr, University of California San Francisco, Division of Rheumatology, 533 Parnassus Avenue Box 0633 Room U383, San Francisco, CA 94143-0633; jdavis{at}medicine.ucsf.edu

Abstract

Aims: Previous data suggests that patients with juvenile-onset ankylosing spondylitis (JoAS) have more severe disease and worse functional outcomes than adult-onset AS (AoAS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical, functional and radiographic differences between patients with JoAS and AoAS in a large cohort of patients with long-standing disease.

Methods: A total of 402 subjects who met the Modified New York Criteria for definitive AS and had had disease ⩾20 years were enrolled in a multi-centre cross-sectional study (Prospective Study of Outcomes in Ankylosing Spondylitis; PSOAS). JoAS was defined as initial symptoms ⩽16 years of age. A total of 79 subjects with JoAS and 323 subjects with AoAS were identified. An analysis of clinical and demographic comparisons between the two groups was performed including HLA B27 status. Functional outcomes were assessed by Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire modified for the Spondyloarthropathies (HAQS). Radiographic disease severity was assessed by the Bath AS Radiology Index (BASRI).

Results: With the exception of obvious differences in age at onset and disease duration, demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between the two groups. However, the JoAS group trended towards more women (32.9 vs 22.9%, p = 0.07). Controlling for multiple covariates including disease duration, both the BASRI hip score and the need for total hip arthroplasty (THA) was higher in the JoAS group. The BASRI spine score (including total, lumbar and cervical spine) was significantly lower in the patients with JoAS even after controlling for multiple covariates including disease duration and gender. No difference in function (BASFI or HAQS scores) between groups was identified.

Conclusions: Compared to AoAS, subjects with JoAS have (1) less severe axial involvement radiographically, (2) similar functional outcomes, (3) more hip involvement with a greater need for THA, and (4) a slightly higher proportion of women.

https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.072512

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    Footnotes

    • Funding: Supported by Intramural Research Program NIH/NIAMS, NIH/NIAMSRO1-AR048465, Cedars-Sinai GCRC MO1-RR00425, University of Texas at Houston GCRC M01-RR02558, and The Rosalind Russell Center for Arthritis Research at The University of California San Francisco.

    • Competing interests: None declared