Ann Rheum Dis 2000;59(Suppl 1):i3-i5 ( November )

Post-transcriptional regulation of tumour necrosis factor  production

Paul Anderson

Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Smith 652, One Jimmy Fund Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA

Correspondence to: Dr Anderson (panderson@rics.bwh.harvard.edu)

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

	Introduction

Tumour necrosis factor  (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated macrophages, lymphocytes and other cells.^1-3 The production of TNF is under transcriptional and post-transcriptional control.^4-10 Post-transcriptional control of TNF expression is achieved by regulating translational initiation, mRNA stability, and polyadenylation.^6 7 10 An adenine and uridine (AU)-rich element (ARE) in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of TNF transcripts^11-13 is an important determinant of post-transcriptional control. Transfer of this element to heterologous reporter transcripts changes the expression of the reporter protein. Transacting factors that bind to the ARE and participate in post-transcriptional control have recently been identified. The ARE binding proteins expressed in a given cell are thought to determine the level of protein expression.

	AU-rich elements (AREs)

The 3' untranslated region of mRNAs encoding short lived immediate early genes (for example, fos, jun) as well as selected cytokines (for example, TNF, GM-CSF) possess AU-rich elements that regulate protein expression. Class I . . . [Full text of this article]

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