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Do sex hormones modulate the synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis?
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It is becoming apparent that various host influences are important determinants in the development of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
The organism responds to inflammatory stimula with coordinated series of adaptive responses involving the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems.
Although immunogenetics may dominate the susceptibility to develop the disease, the most powerful additional factor recognised in the host is the sex of the patient.
Recent epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory evidence has suggested that sex hormones play a central part in the immune response and the immune mediated pathological conditions.1
Overall, women have greater humoral and cellular immune responses and
therefore may be more susceptible than men to autoimmune diseases,
including RA. Women have higher immunoglobulin concentrations than men
and produce greater antibody responses to various microorganisms after
immunisation. Cell mediated immune response is also stronger in women
as shown by a more efficient rejection of allografts and relative
resistance
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