Extended report
Demonstration of mast cell chemotactic activity in synovial fluid
from rheumatoid patients
N Olssona, A-K Ulfgrenb, G Nilssona
a Department of
Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, b Department of Medicine,
Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Correspondence to: Dr G Nilsson, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden Gunnar.Nilsson{at}genpat.uu.se
Accepted for publication 25 July 2000
OBJECTIVES
The
significance of the mast cell in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases
has become more evident. Although mast cell hyperplasia is a feature of
rheumatoid arthritis, the nature of mast cell chemoattractants involved
in the recruitment of mast cells in joint diseases has not been studied
in any detail. In this study the presence of mast cell chemotactic
activity in synovial fluids was examined.
METHODSSynovial
fluids from seven rheumatoid patients were tested in a modified Boyden
chamber, where a human mast cell line was used as responder. The
presence of stem cell factor (SCF) and transforming growth factor 
(TGF) was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
RESULTSSix of the
seven synovial fluids tested exhibited mast cell chemotactic activity.
Two characterised human mast cell chemotaxins, SCF and TGF, were
highly expressed in the synovium. Soluble SCF could be detected in all
fluids analysed. Blocking antibodies against SCF or TGF almost
completely blocked the activity in one fluid, partially blocked the
activity in three, and did not affect the activity in two. Treatment of
the responder cells with pertussis toxin reduced the migratory response
against seven fluids, indicating the presence of chemoattractants
mediating their effect through Gi coupled receptors.
CONCLUSIONThese data
demonstrate the presence of multiple factors in synovial fluid acting
as mast cell chemoattractants, two of which are SCF and TGF that
contribute to the effect. These findings may be of importance for
developing new strategies to inhibit mast cell accumulation in
rheumatic diseases.
© 2001 by Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
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