Extended report
Sicca symptoms and secondary Sjögren's syndrome in systemic
lupus erythematosus: comparison with rheumatoid arthritis and
correlation with disease variables
I-M Gilboea, T K Kviena, T Uhliga, G Husbyb
a Oslo City
Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Norway, b Centre
for Rheumatic Diseases, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Correspondence to: Dr I-M Gilboe, Oslo City Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Box 23 Vinderen, N-0319 Oslo, Norway
Accepted for publication 25 April 2001
OBJECTIVE
Firstly,
to study the prevalence of ocular and oral sicca symptoms, reduced tear
and saliva production, and the minimum frequency of secondary
Sjögren's syndrome (sSS) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Secondly, to compare sicca symptoms and findings with those of matched
patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and sicca symptoms with those
in healthy controls. Finally, to study possible associations of
clinical variables with sicca symptoms and sSS in SLE.
METHODSSelf reported
sicca symptoms were recorded in 81 patients with SLE aged 
70, 81 matched patients with RA, and 81 matched healthy controls. Other study
variables included Schirmer-I test (S1T), unstimulated whole saliva,
health status measures (in SLE and RA), disease activity, accumulated
organ damage, and serological markers (in SLE).
RESULTSA
significantly higher proportion of patients with SLE reported sicca
symptoms than healthy controls. Further, a significantly higher
proportion reported ocular sicca symptoms (43 and 21%, respectively)
and had pathologically reduced S1T compared with RA (46 and 21%,
respectively). No difference was seen in oral sicca symptoms and saliva
production. In SLE, sicca symptoms were associated with fatigue, and
sSS with anti-SSB or anti-SSA antibodies, or both.
CONCLUSIONSAn
increased prevalence of sicca symptoms was found in patients with SLE
compared with controls, and a higher prevalence of ocular sicca
symptoms and reduced tear production in SLE compared with RA. Sicca
problems should be considered in the care of patients with SLE,
especially those with anti-SSB and/or anti-SSA antibodies who have
sicca symptoms and fatigue.
© 2001 by Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
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